HistoryTimelineLayer:Classical Period of Greece

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1. 196280

sources: Timeline of ancient Greece events: Aegina and Andros are impressed into the Hellenic League;;;;-480;; Emporion ousts Carthaginian influences;;;;-480;; Leonidas, Spartan, sacrifices 300 Spartan soldiers at the Battle of Thermopylae so main force can escape\; Xerxes son of Darius is commanding the Persians.;;;;-480;; Croton, Leucas and Corcyra joins the Hellenic League;;;;-480;; Simultaneous with Thermopylae, the Greeks and Persians fight to a draw in the naval Battle of Artemisium.;;;;-480;; Boeotia, Attica and Phocis are occupied by Persia;;;;-480;; Battle of Salamis: Themistocles, Athenian general, lures Persians into Bay of Salamis, Xerxes loses and goes home, leaves behind Mardonius.;;;;-480;; Possibly simultaneous with the Battle of Salamis, Battle of Himera between Carthage and Akragas (Theron)-Syracuse (Gelon)-Himera (Thrasydaeus);;;;-480;; Pausanias, Greek general routs Mardonius at the Battle of Plataea.;;;;-479;; Battle of Mycale;;;;-479;; Rhodes, Samos, Kos and many Greek cities in Persia begin to declare independence;;;;-479;; Paros is vassalized by Athens;;;;-479;; Athens annexes Tenedos;;;;-479;; Sestos is sieged by Athens;;;;-479;; Boeotian League is dissolved by Hellenic League;;;;-479;; Sicel Ducetius overthrows Miniu;;;;-479;; Byzantium is sieged by Athens;;;;-478;; Delian League is founded by Athens and is soon joined by Ionia, Delos, Kos, Euboea, Tilos, Rhodes, Karpathos, Athenai, Paros, Troezen, Sifnos, Doris, Aeolis, Andros, Aenea, Akanthos, Samos, Chalcis, Eretria, Chios, Methymna, Chalkidiki, Mutilḗnē, Sigeion, Éphesos and many others;;;;-478;; Gelon dies and is succeeded by Hieron, Polyzelos is put in control of Gela;;;;-478;; The Persian Empire abandons Europe except Doriskus and Eion;;;;-477;; Chalcedon, Byzantium, Carystus, Ainos, Perinthos and others join the Delian League;;;;-477;; Andros is turned into an Athenian cleurchy;;;;-477;; Micythus becomes Tyrant of Rhegion after Anaxilas' death;;;;-476;; Catania is split between Hieron and Ducetius, Catania is renamed Aetna, settled by Dorians and ruled by the Tyrant Deinmenes II;;;;-476;; Taras allies with Rhegion to protect themselves from the Iapygians, but later lose to them in battle;;;;-476;; Himera is settled by Doric colonists;;;;-476;; Sybaris declares independence from Kroton;;;;-476;; Cimon elected general each year;Cimon;;;-476;-462; Sybaris is annexed by Kroton;;;;-475;; Abdera and Eion join the Delian League;;;;-475;; Skyros is annexed by Athens;;;;-475;; Battle of Cumae;;;;-474;; Naxos joins the Delian League;;;;-474;; Hieron occupies the Parthenopean Islands;;;;-474;; Pindar, Greek poet relocates to Thebes (in Greece) from court at Syracuse.;;;;-474;; Taras is defeated by the Iapygians;;;;-473;; Thrasydaeus annexes Akragas after death of Theron;;;;-472;; Naxos leaves the Delian League and is subsequently sieged by Athens;;;;-471;; Themistocles ostracized.;;;;-471;; Dénia, Hēmeroskopeion () is founded by Massaliot Greeks. The town was situated on the cape then called Artemisium () or Dianium (), named from a temple of Ephesia Artemis built upon it (goddess Artemis was called Diana in Latin).;;;;-470;; Naxos is impressed into the Delian League;;;;-470;; Ducetius annexes Ergezio;;;;-470;; The new urban zone of Neápolis () was founded by citizens of the nearby Greek city of Cumae on the plain of Parthenope after the victorious Battle of Cumae;;;;-470;; Illios is annexed by Mytilene;;;;-469;; Klazomenai, Phaselis, Aspendos, Doris and Priene join the Delian League;;;;-469;; Thrasydaeus is overthrown by Akragas;;;;-468;; Sophocles, Greek playwright, defeats Aeschylus for Athenian Prize for drama.;;;;-468;; Micythus steps down to Leophron;;;;-467;; Taras is defeated by the Iapygians;;;;-466;; Taras' monarchy is overthrown by democrats;;;;-466;; Thrasybulos succeeds Hieron;;;;-466;; Thasus leaves the Delian League and is sieged by Athens;;;;-465;; Abydos and Troad join the Delian League;;;;-465;; Thracian Chernessos is annexed by Athens;;;;-465;; Deinmenes II, Aenesidemus, Thrasybulos and Polyzelos are overthrown by their respective cities;;;;-465;; Thasus is impressed into the Delian League;;;;-463;; Megara leaves the Peloponnesian League;;;;-462;; Catania, Naxos and Catania declare independence from Syracuse, Dorian settlers are removed from Catania;;;;-461;; Kamarina is refounded under the Tyranny of Psaumis;;;;-461;; Cimon ostracized.;;;;-461;; Thera joins the Peloponnesian League;;;;-461;; Messene and Rhegion separate and oust Leophron;;;;-461;; Taras defeats the Iapygians;;;;-460;; Aetna is founded;;;;-460;; First Peloponnesian War Starts;;;;-460;; Aegina is sieged by Athens;;;;-459;; Morgantina is annexed by Ducetius;;;;-459;; Siege of Memphis, destruction of the Athenian fleet by Megabyzus;Wars of the Delian League;;;-459;-455; Imbros is annexed by Athens;;;;-458;; Aegina is impressed into the Delian League;;;;-457;; Delphi is annexed by Phocis;;;;-457;; Pericles, Athenian statesman begins Golden Age, he was taught by Anaxagoras, who believed in dualistic Universe and atoms.;;;;-457;; Boeotia (Except Thebes), Phocis and Locris join the Delian League;;;;-457;; Gythium is raided by Athens;;;;-456;; Zakynthos joins the Delian League;;;;-456;; Castrugiuvanni (Enna) join Ducetius;;;;-456;; Aeschylus dies.;;;;-456;; Nafpaktos is impressed into the Delian League and settled with Messenian Helots;;;;-455;; Abacaenum is annexed by Ducetius;;;;-454;; Movement of Delian treasury to Athens and start of the First Athenian Empire;;;;-454;; Athenian annexation of Delos;;;;-454;; Palike is founded by Ducetius;;;;-453;; Akragas and Aetna are annexed by Ducetius, Ducetius sieges Motyon;;;;-452;; Nea Sybaris is founded by Sybarites;;;;-452;; Athens sieges Kition;;;;-451;; Motyon is occupied by Ducetius;;;;-451;; Naxos becomes a cleurchy;;;;-450;; Akragas and Motyon are liberated from Ducetius starting a decades long conflict between Syracuse+friends and the Sicels;;;;-450;; Delphi declares independence from Phocis;;;;-449;; Ducetius abandons the Sicel Federation he created and is forced to go into exile at Korinth;;;;-449;; Morgantina is annexed Syracuse;;;;-449;; Herodotus, Greek Historian, writes History of Greco-Persian War from [490]–[479 BC].;;;;-449;; Delphi is annexed by Phocis;;;;-448;; Ictinus and Callicrates, Greek architects, begin construction of the Parthenon.;;;;-447;; Nea Sybaris is annexed by Kroton;;;;-447;; Chalcis leaves the Delian League and is sieged by Athens;;;;-447;; Phocis, Locris and Boeotia leave the Delian League, Boeotia unites into the Boeotian League and joins the Peloponnesian League;;;;-446;; Megara joins the Peloponnesian League;;;;-446;; Kale Akte is founded by Ducetius;;;;-446;; Achaea and Trozen leave the Peloponnesian League and join the Delian League;;;;-446;; Euboean Revolt;;;;-446;-445; Euboea is impressed into the Delian League;;;;-445;; Histiaea becomes an Athenian cleurchy;;;;-445;; First Peloponnesian War Ends;;;;-445;; Troezen is impressed into the Peloponnesian League;;;;-445;; Thurii is founded by Sybarites and Various Hellenes;;;;-443;; Euripides, Greek playwright, wins Athenian prize.;;;;-441;; Sybaris on the Traeis is founded by Sybarites exiled from Thurii;;;;-441;; Samos leaves the Delian League and is sieged by Athens;;;;-440;; Palike is destroyed, ending the Sicel Federation;;;;-440;; Ducetius dies;;;;-440;; Samos is impressed into the Delian League;;;;-439;; Founding of the Bosporan Kingdom;;;;-438;; Newly founded Amphipolis annexes Eion;;;;-437;; Athens allies with Messapia;;;;-437;; Taulantii-Epidamos War;;;;-436;; Phidias, Greek sculptor, completes statue of Zeus at Elis, 1 of 7 wonders of the world.;;;;-435;; Epidamos becomes a democracy;;;;-434;; Epidamos is annexed by Korinth;;;;-434;; Kerkyra allies with Taulantii and siege Epidamos;;;;-434;; Kerkyra seizes Outer Epidamos (City);;;;-434;; Battle of Leukimme;;;;-434;; Kerkyra raids Kyllene;;;;-434;; Kerkyra joins Delian League;;;;-434;; Battle of Sybota;;;;-433;; Anactorium is annexed by Korinth;;;;-433;; Psaumis dies;;;;-432;; Potidaea leaves the Delian League and is sieged by Athens;;;;-432;; Pydna is sieged by Athens;;;;-432;; End of "Golden Age" of Athens;;;;-432;; Sparta commanded by King Archidamus II prepares to destroy Athens thus starting the Peloponnesian War.;;;;-431;; Plataea is sieged by Thebes;;;;-431;; Pagae and Atalanta is occupied by Athens;;;;-431;; Aegina is annexed by Athens;;;;-431;; Empedocles, Greek doctor, believes body has Four Temperaments.;;;;-431;; Athens abandons the Siege of Pydna;;;;-430;; Herakleion is impressed into the Delian League;;;;-430;; Spartan Siege of Zakynthos (Local Victory);;;;-430;; Failed peace mission by Athens, bubonic plague year, Sparta takes no prisoners.;;;;-430;; Leucippus, Greek philosopher, believes every natural event has natural cause. Athenian Plague begins in Athens.;;;;-430;; Herakleion is annexed by Macedonia;;;;-429;; Potidaea is impressed into the Delian League;;;;-429;; All Chalkidiki cities (Except Mende, Acanthus, Scione, Stagirus and Aphytis) leave the Delian League;;;;-429;; Athens Siege of Kydonia (Local Victory);;;;-429;; Phormio, Athenian admiral, wins the Battle of Chalcis/Rhium.;;;;-429;; Pericles dies of Athenian Plague, possibly typhus or bubonic plague.;;;;-429;; Hippocrates, Greek doctor, believes diseases have physical cause.;;;;-429;; First Battle of Naupaktos (Athenian Victory);;;;-429;; Plato born.;;;;-428;; Mytilene and Antissa leave the Delian league and Mytilene is sieged by Athens, Antissa is sieged by Methymna;;;;-428;; Illios joins the Delian League;;;;-428;; Suppression of Mytilene, Antissa is annexed by Methymna, Mytilene becomes an Athenian Cleurchy, Mytilene Troad joins the Delian League as independent cities;;;;-427;; Archidamus II dies, Alcidas, Greek admiral sent to help Lesbos, raids Ionia and flees after seeing Athenian might. Athenian Plague returns.;;;;-427;; Plataea is impressed into the Boeotian League and by extension, the Peloponnesian League;;;;-427;; Aristophanes, Greek playwright, wins Athenian Prize.;;;;-427;; Corcyran Civil War (Democratic Victory);;;;-427;; First Athenian Intervention in Sicily begins;;;;-427;; Megara occupies Pegae;;;;-426;; Athens sieges Lecus;;;;-426;; Pylos, Messene, Mylae, Aegitium and Tichium are occupied by Athens, Pylos is founded by escaped Helots;;;;-426;; Battle of Tanagra;;;;-426;; Amfissa joins the Peloponnesian League;;;;-426;; Ozolian Locris join the Delian League;;;;-426;; Demosthenes, Athenian general, and Cleon, Athenian demagogue, revitalizes Athenian forces, makes bold plans opposed by Nicias, his first military campaign barely succeeds.;;;;-426;; Ambrakia occupies Olpae and Argos;;;;-426;; Acarnanian League and Amphilochian League are founded and join the Delian League;;;;-426;; Acarnania occupies Olpae and Argos;;;;-425;; Athenian fleet bottles up Spartan navy at Navarino Bay, Nicias resigns.;;;;-425;; Herakleion is impressed into the Delian League;;;;-425;; Athens occupies Sphacteria;;;;-425;; Morgantina is annexed by Kamarina;;;;-425;; Ozolian Locris joins the Peloponnesian League;;;;-425;; Athens withdraws from Lecas and Acarnania;;;;-425;; Athens withdraws from Messene and Mylae is impressed into the Delian League;;;;-425;; Herakleion is annexed by Makedonia;;;;-424;; Eion, Akanthus and Amphipolis are sieged by Sparta;;;;-424;; Stagira joins the Peloponnesian League;;;;-424;; Nisaia, and Siphae are occupied by Athenai;;;;-424;; Thyrea is occupied by Athens;;;;-424;; First Athenian Intervention in Sicily ends;;;;-424;; Pagondas of Thebes (in Greece) crushes Athenian army at the Battle of Delium, Brasidas a Spartan general, has a successful campaign in the Chalcidice, Cleon exiles Thucydides for 20 years for arriving late.;;;;-424;; Sparta occupied Amphipolis and Scione;;;;-423;; Torone is occupied by Makedonia;;;;-423;; Akanthus joins the Peloponnesian League;;;;-423;; Truce of Laches supposed to stop Brasidas but doesn't, Nicias commands Athenian forces in retaking Mende.;;;;-423;; Olynthus form the Chalcidian League independent of the Delian League;;;;-423;; Stagira is sieged by Athens;;;;-422;; Neapolis is annexed by Rome;;;;-422;; Torone and Scione are impressed into the Delian League;;;;-422;; Cleon meets Brasidas outside of Amphipolis, both are killed (Battle of Amphipolis).;;;;-422;; Syracuse annexes the now weak Leontini;;;;-422;; Peace of Nicias brings temporary end to war, but Alcibiades, a nephew of Pericles, makes anti-Sparta alliance.;;;;-421;; Herakleion is impressed into the Delian League;;;;-421;; Cumae is annexed by Oscans;;;;-421;; Athens abandons the Siege of Stagira;;;;-421;; Delphi declares independence from Phocis;;;;-421;; Argulus, Apollonia, Potidaea, Akanthus, Stageira and others join the Chalcidian League;;;;-421;; Mantineia, Argos, Elis, Sicyon and Achaea betray Sparta and switch to the Delian League;;;;-420;; Athens occupies Epidauros;;;;-419;; King Agis II of Sparta attacks Argos, makes treaty.;;;;-419;; Battle of Mantinea, greatest land battle of war, gives Sparta victory over Argos, which violated treaty, Alcibiades thrown out, alliance ended.;;;;-418;; Orchmenos is occupied by Argos;;;;-418;; Orchmenos is given to Boeotia;;;;-417;; Sicyon joins the Peloponnesian League;;;;-417;; Epidauros is occupied by Sparta;;;;-417;; Melos is sieged by Athens;;;;-416;; Alcibiades makes plans, is restored to power.;;;;-416;; Selinus annexes Segesta's frontier provinces;;;;-416;; Massacre of the Melians.;;;;-416;; Hermai statues are mutilated in Athens, Alcibiades accused, asks for inquiry, told to set sail for battle (Sicilian Expedition), is condemned to death in absentia, he defects to Sparta.;;;;-415;; Many Syracusan cities rebel;;;;-415;; Siege of Syracuse;Siege of Syracuse (415-413 BC);;;-415;-413; Metapontion allies with Athens;-;;;-414;-413; Lamachus, Athenian commander killed at Syracuse.;;;;-414;; Nicias and Demosthenes killed at Syracuse;;;;-413;; Leontini and Kamarina are vassalized by Syracuse;;;;-413;; Herakleion is annexed by Makedonia;;;;-413;; Miletus and Khios betray Athens and join the Peloponnesian League;;;;-413;; Alcibiades is expelled from Sparta, conspires to come back to Athens.;;;;-412;; Methymna is occupied by Sparta;;;;-412;; Klazomenai and Kyzikus betray Athens and join the Peloponnesian League;;;;-412;; Chios is sieged by Athens;;;;-412;; Aygrion dies and is succeeded by Aygris;;;;-412;; Sparta allies with Persia;;;;-411;; Aspendos is annexed by Persia;;;;-411;; Kyzikus and Klazomenai are impressed into the Delian League;;;;-411;; Oropos is occupied by Boeotia;;;;-411;; Illios is annexes by Lampsacus;;;;-411;; Athens abandons the Siege of Chios;;;;-411;; Sparta leaves Methymna;;;;-411;; Euboea, Byzantium, Abydos, Andros, Antandrus, Lampsacus, Chalcedon and Rodos betray Athens and join the Peloponnesian League;;;;-411;; Abydos is overthrown by Dercylidas;;;;-411;; Selinus attacks Segesta once again and aggravates Carthage;;;;-411;; Athens is overthrown by the Four Hundred;;;;-411;; After several successes, Athenian demagogue Cleophon rejects Spartan peace offers.;;;;-410;; Segesta is annexed by Carthage;;;;-410;; Four Hundred are overthrown by Athens;;;;-410;; Antandrus is annexed by Persia;;;;-409;; Abydos is sieged by Athens;;;;-409;; Sparta sieges Klazomenai;;;;-409;; Selinus and Himera are sacked by Carthage;;;;-409;; Byzantium recaptured by Alcibiades for Athens.;;;;-409;; The 3 poleis of Rodos unite and build a new capital called Rodos;;;;-408;; Athens sieges Paleopoli;;;;-408;; Athens abandons Siege of Abydos;;;;-408;; Sparta abandons the Siege of Klazomenai;;;;-408;; Alcibiades reenters Athens in triumph, Lysander, a Spartan commander, has fleet built at Ephesus.;;;;-408;; Thermae is founded by Carthage;;;;-407;; Athens abandons the Siege of Paleopoli;;;;-407;; Lysander begins destruction of Athenian fleet, Alcibiades stripped of power.;;;;-407;; Sparta sieges Methymna;;;;-406;; Akragas is sacked by Carthage;;;;-406;; Callicratides, Spartan naval commander, loses Battle of Arginusae over blockade of Mitylene harbor, Sparta sues for peace, rejected by Cleophon.;;;;-406;; Methymna is impressed into the Peloponnesian League;;;;-405;; Syracuse is overthrown by Dionysius the Elder;;;;-405;; Melos is annexed by Sparta;;;;-405;; Gela, Kamarina and Akrillai is sacked by Carthage;;;;-405;; Carthage allow the people of the sacked cities to return as Carthaginian subjects and rebuild their cities;;;;-405;; Leontini and Morgantina declare independence from Syracuse;;;;-405;; Carthage annexes Elymi, Sicel and Sican territory;;;;-405;; The naval Battle of Aegospotami in which Lysander captures the Athenian fleet, Spartan king Pausanias besieges Athens, Cleophon executed, Corinth and Thebes demand destruction of Athens.;;;;-405;; Klazomenai and Ephesus betray Athens and join the Peloponnesian League. All Carthaginian subjects (Except Ziz, their islands, Motya, Solus, Elymi, Segesta, and Entella) gain independence;;;;-405;; Athens capitulates April 25. Theramenes secures terms, prevents total destruction of Athens, Theramenes and Alcibiades are killed.;;;;-404;; Delian League is dissolved;;;;-404;; Korinth leaves the Peloponnesian League;;;;-404;; Entella is overthrown by mercenaries loyal to Carthage;;;;-404;; Aygris becomes a Syracusan Subject;;;;-404;; Nafpaktos is annexed by Ozolian Locris;;;;-404;; Athens is overthrown by the Thirty;;;;-404;; Athens joins the Peloponnesian League;;;;-404;; Aeimnestus, who is loyal to Dionysius, overthrows Castrugiuvanni;;;;-403;; Aetna is overthrown by mercenaries loyal to Dionysius;;;;-403;; Dionysius destroys Naxos and Catania and Sicels split Naxos with Syracuse, Catania is ruled by Campanian mercenaries loyal to Dionysius;;;;-403;; Athens overthrows the Thirty;;;;-403;; Athens leaves the Peloponnesian League and refounds the Delian League;;;;-403;; Elis leaves the Peloponnesian League and is subsequently sieged by Sparta;;;;-402;; Euboea joins the Delian League;;;;-401;; Elis is sacked and impressed into the Peloponnesian League;;;;-401;; Dionysius free Castrugiuvanni from Aeimnestus;;;;-401;; Poseidonia is annexed by Lucanians;;;;-401;; Thucydides, Greek historian, leaves account of "Golden Age of Pericles" and Peloponnesian War at his death (History of the Peloponnesian War).;;;;-401;; Adranon is founded by Dionysius;;;;-400;; Aygris annexes Centuripe;;;;-400;; Democritus, Greek philosopher, develops Atomic theory, believes cause and necessity, nothing comes out of nothing;;;;-400;; Illios declares independence from Lampsacus;;;;-399;; Sparta sways Persian Controlled Greek cities near Pergamon to their side and march on Egyptian Larissa and siege it;;;;-399;; Socrates, Greek philosopher, condemned to death for corrupting youth.;;;;-399;; Ionia joins the Peloponnesian League;;;;-398;; All Carthaginian subjects (Except Ziz, their islands, Motya, Solus, Elymi, Segesta, and Entella) gain independence from Carthage;;;;-398;; Dionysius sieges Segesta and Entella;;;;-398;; Mainland territory of Motya is occupied by Dionysius;;;;-398;; Motya is destroyed by Dionysius and the Carthaginians build Lilybaion to replace it;;;;-397;; Dionysius abandons the Sieges of Entella and Segesta;;;;-397;; Eryx, Segesta, Lipari, Messene and Entella are annexed by Carthage;;;;-397;; Carthage allies with the Sicel cities except Assorus;;;;-397;; Tauormenion is founded by Carthage to be a supply base, settled by Sicels;;;;-397;; Carthaginian forces have to go the long way around Mount Etna due to an eruption;;;;-397;; Catania is occupied by Carthage;;;;-397;; Battle of Catania;;;;-397;; Syracuse is sieged by Carthage;;;;-397;; Carthage lifts the Siege of Syracuse and abandons Eastern Sicily except Messene and Lipari;;;;-396;; Himera and Selinus are annexed by Carthage;;;;-396;; Gela, Ergezio, Catania, Adranon, Kamarina and Leontini are annexed by Dionysius;;;;-396;; Tyndaris is founded by Dionysius to combat piracy and a base of operations;;;;-396;; Persia annexes Rodos;;;;-396;; Sparta campaigns in Phrygia;;;;-396;; Sparta campaigns in Ionia, Caria and march up to Sardis;;;;-395;; Orchmenus leaves the Boeotian League;;;;-395;; Cephaloedium is annexed by Dionysius;;;;-395;; Mylae is annexed by Rhegion;;;;-395;; Argos, Korinthos and Boeotian League leave the Peloponnesian League;;;;-395;; Sparta withdraws from Anatolia;;;;-394;; All Thracian and Anatolian Greek cities leave the Peloponnesian League (Except Sestos and Abydos);;;;-394;; Virtually all Greek Anatolian cities are annexed by Persia;;;;-394;; Klazomenaites relocate to an island off shore;;;;-394;; Mylae is annexed by Syracuse;;;;-394;; Lipari is annexed by Syracuse;;;;-393;; Italiote League is formed by Sybaris on the Traeis, Croton, Caulonia, Thurii, Rhegium and Velia;;;;-393;; Imbros, Lemnos and Skyros are annexed by Athens;;;;-393;; Makedonia starts paying tribute to the newly formed Kingdom of Dardania;;;;-393;; Chalcidian League annexes some Makedonian land;;;;-393;; Sparta occupies Lechaeum;;;;-392;; Heraclea Minoa, Akragas and Sicani territory are annexed by Carthage;;;;-392;; Sicel territory is annexed by Dionysius;;;;-392;; Makedonia stops paying tribute to Dardania;;;;-392;; Makedonia reannexes the land taken by the Chalcidian League;;;;-392;; Damastion is annexed by Dardania;;;;-392;; Korinth occupies Phlius;;;;-391;; Tauromenion is overthrown by mercenaries loyal to Dionysius;;;;-391;; Makedonia starts pays tribute to Dardania;;;;-391;; The Acarnanian League joins the Peloponnesian League;;;;-390;; Dercylidas is succeeded by Anaxibios;;;;-390;; Himera is merged into Thermae;;;;-390;; Dionysius transfers control of Mylae to Messene;;;;-390;; Kroton is annexed by Syracuse;;;;-390;; Argos and Korinth unite into Argos-Korinth;;;;-390;; Castrugiuvani is annexed by Syracuse;;;;-390;; Metapontion is annexed by Syracuse;;;;-389;; Anaxibios is overthrown by Abydos;;;;-389;; Rhegion is annexed by Syracuse and renamed it to Phoebea;;;;-387;; Peace of Antalcidas concluded between the Greeks and the Persians that leads to virtually all Greek cities in Asia Minor being annexed by Persia;;;;-387;; Ancona is founded by Greek settlers from Syracuse, who gave it its name: Ancona stems from the Greek word Ἀγκών (Ankòn), meaning "elbow";;;;-387;; Argos and Korinth split;;;;-387;; All cities gain independence and all league except the Peloponnesian League are disbanded;;;;-387;; Phlius becomes a democracy;;;;-386;; Dardania attacks Molossia;;;;-385;; The Greeks colonized the island of Pharos (Hvar, Croatia).;;;;-385;; Dionysius occupies Pyrgi and Caere;;;;-384;; Chalcidian League annexes Makedonia land including Pella;;;;-384;; Gela gains independence from Syracuse;;;;-383;; Dionysius leaves Eturia;;;;-383;; Liburnia sieges Pharos;;;;-383;; Potidaea leaves the Chalcidian League;;;;-383;; Thebes is overthrown by Leontiades and Archias;;;;-382;; Thebes is impressed into the Peloponnesian League;;;;-382;; Sparta sieges Phlius;;;;-380;; Makedonia recaptures their former territory;;;;-380;; Kroton is annexed by Dionysius;;;;-379;; Phlius is impressed into the Peloponnesian League;;;;-379;; The Chalcidian League is disbanded and its former members are impressed into the Peloponnesian League and Potidaea and Korinth also join the league;;;;-379;; Leontiades and Archias are overthrown and Thebes leaves the Peloponnesian League;;;;-379;; Sparta occupies Thespiae;;;;-379;; Themison overthrows Eretria;;;;-378;; The Boeotian League is refounded by Thebes;;;;-377;; Abdera is sacked by the Triballi and Maroneia;;;;-376;; Thespiae and the rest of Boeotia are liberated and join the Boeotian League;;;;-376;; The Acarnanian League defects from the Peloponnesian League and joins the Delian League;;;;-375;; Chalcidian League is reestablished by Olynthus and joins the Delian League;;;;-375;; Kerkyra is sieged by Sparta;;;;-373;; Sparta leaves Kerkyra;;;;-371;; Gythium is occupied by Thebes;;;;-370;; Heraclea Sintica is founded by Makedonia;;;;-370;; Korinth is overthrown by Timophanes;;;;-369;; Aetolian League is founded;;;;-368;; Daparria is annexed by Dardania;;;;-367;; Kroton is annexed by Bruttian League;;;;-367;; Opus declares independence from Athens with the help of Themison;;;;-366;; Opus requests Thebes to protect them from Athens and sends a garrison. Opus is impressed into the Boeotian League;;;;-365;; Timophanes is assassinated;;;;-364;; Orchmenus leaves the Boeotian League and is subsequently sieged by Thebes;;;;-364;; Orchmenus is impressed into the Boeotian League;;;;-363;; Pydna is impressed into the Delian League;;;;-363;; Themison dies and is succeeded by Plutarch;;;;-362;; Potidaea and Torone are impressed into the Delian League and become Athenian Cluerchies;;;;-361;; Tauromenion overthrows the mercenaries and falls under the tyranny of Andromache;;;;-360;; Illios is overthrown by Charidemos;;;;-360;; Abydos is overthrown by Iphiades;;;;-360;; Charidemos is overthrown by Illios;;;;-359;; Dardania annexes Lake Ohrid and Upper Macedonia;;;;-359;; Archelaus annexes Methone, Aegae and Pydna;;;;-359;; Archelaus is annexed by Makedonia;;;;-358;; Macedonia reannexes Lake Ohrid, Lynkestis and Upper Macedonia from Dardania;;;;-358;; Makedonia annexes Paeonia;;;;-358;; Social War Starts;;;;-357;; Kos, Khios, Rodos and Byzantium leave the Delian League;;;;-357;; Makedonia annexes Pydna and Amphipolis;;;;-357;; Dionysius II is overthrown by Dion;;;;-357;; Phocis annexes Delphi;;;;-356;; Locris is annexed by Dionysius II;;;;-356;; Lemnos, Samos and Imbros is occupied by Chios and leave the Delian League;;;;-356;; Makedonia annexes Crenides, renames it Philippi and settles it with Makedonians;;;;-356;; Makedonian border set on Nestus river;;;;-356;; Potidaea and Anthemus are annexed by Chalcidian League;;;;-356;; Makedonia sieges Methone;;;;-356;; Lokros is overthrown by Dionysius II;;;;-356;; Social War Ends;;;;-355;; Argolas is sieged by Phocis;;;;-355;; Dion is overthrown by Callipus;;;;-355;; Methone and Abdera are annexed by Makedonia;;;;-354;; Phocis abandons the Siege of Argolas;;;;-354;; Thessaly is vassalized by Phocis;;;;-354;; Catania is annexed by Callipus;;;;-353;; Makedonia occupied Pagasae;;;;-353;; Thessaly is vassalized by Makedonia;;;;-353;; Callipus is overthrown by Hipparinos (Callipus keeps Catania);;;;-352;; Nicodemus overthrows Centuripe;;;;-352;; Orchmenus and Chaeronea are occupied by Phocis;;;;-352;; Rhegion is annexed by Callipus;;;;-351;; Akanthus is annexed by Makedonia;;;;-350;; Nice (Nicaea) is founded by the Greeks of Massalia (Marseille), and was given the name of Nikaia (Νίκαια) in honour of a victory over the neighbouring Ligurians\; Nike (Νίκη) was the Greek goddess of victory.;;;;-350;; Hipparinos is overthrown by Aretaeus;;;;-350;; Mamercus ousts Callippus from Catania;;;;-350;; Plutarch is expelled from Eretria;;;;-349;; Aretaeus is overthrown by Nysaios;;;;-349;; Stagira is annexed by Makedonia;;;;-348;; Callipus is overthrown by Leptines;;;;-348;; Leontini is overthrown by Hicetas;;;;-347;; Plato, Greek philosopher, founder of Academy, dies.;;;;-347;; Methymna is overthrown by Kleommis;;;;-347;; Phocis withdraws from Boeotia;;;;-346;; Dionysius II leaves Locris and overthrows Nysaios;;;;-346;; Lyttos is sieged by Knossos;;;;-346;; Makedonia occupies Thermopylae and Antikyra, Nicaea is occupied by Thessaly;;;;-346;; Makedonia withdraws from Thermopylae and Antikyra;;;;-345;; Grabaei becomes a vassal of Macedonia;;;;-345;; Hicetas sieges Syracuse and seizes Syracuse's territory;;;;-345;; The Pro-Makedonian Tyrant Hipparchus overthrows Eretria;;;;-345;; Mainland Syracuse (City) is occupied by Hicetas leaving only the citadel in Dionysius' control;;;;-345;; Macedonia occupies Illios and annexes Tenedos;;;;-344;; Siege of Lyttos lifted by Knossos;;;;-344;; Knossos sieges Kydonia;;;;-344;; Hicetas is repulsed by Timoleon from Syracuse;;;;-344;; Timoleon takes control of all Syracusan forces outside the citadel;;;;-344;; Messene is rebuilt by Timoelon, Adranon is freed from mercenary control, Nicodemus is overthrown by Centuripe with help of Timoleon;;;;-343;; Timoleon annexes the citadel;;;;-343;; Siege of Kydonia is lifted by Knossos;;;;-343;; Rhegion is freed by Timoleon;;;;-342;; Aristotle, Greek philosopher, begins teaching Alexander, son of Philip of Macedon.;;;;-342;; Hipparchus is overthrown by Athenian forces and impressed into the Delian league;;;;-341;; Samothrace is annexed by Makedonia;;;;-341;; Antipolis (modern day Antibes) is founded by Phocaean Greeks from Massilia.;;;;-340;; Skyros is annexed by Makedonia;;;;-340;; Entella is freed by Timoleon;;;;-340;; Elateia is occupied by Makedonia;;;;-339;; Agyris and Aetna are freed by Timoleon;;;;-339;; Nicaea is occupied by Boeotia;;;;-339;; Amphissa is annexed by Delphi;;;;-338;; Thyrea is annexed by Argos;;;;-338;; Mamercus dies;;;;-338;; Cumae is annexed by Rome;;;;-338;; Leontini is freed by Timoleon;;;;-338;; Nafpaktos joins the Aetolian League;;;;-338;; King Philip II of Macedon defeats Athens and Thebes at Battle of Chaeronea August 2 and establishes League of Corinth during winter of [338 BC]/[337 BC].;;;;-338;; Amfissa declares independence from Delphi;;;;-337;; Timoleon dies;;;;-336;; Lesbos is annexed by Makedonia;;;;-336;; Alexander succeeds father Philip II, who was assassinated by Pausanias of Orestis.;;;;-336;; Andromache dies and his city is annexed by Syracuse;;;;-334;; Battle of the Granicus;;;;-334;; Saminum is occupied by Epirus;;;;-333;; Alexander defeats Persians at Battle of Issus, but Darius III escapes.;;;;-333;; Epirus occupies Heraclea, Metapontium, Southern Lucania, Daunia, Paestum, Terina and Sipontum;;;;-332;; Siege of Tyre;;;;-332;; Siege of Gaza;;;;-332;; Alexander conquers Egypt.;;;;-332;; Alexandria is founded by Alexander the Great;;;;-332;; Epirus occupies Cosentia;;;;-331;; Battle of Pandosia;;;;-331;; Gerasa (Jordan) is founded by Makedonian veterans;;;;-331;; at Battle of Gaugamela October 1, Alexander ends Achaemenid Dynasty and conquers Persian Empire.;;;;-331;; Alexander the Great enters in Babylon;;;;-331;; Tauromenion is freed by Carthage;;;;-331;; Battle of the Uxian Defile (East of Susa, Iran);;;;-331;; Sparta joins the League of Corinth;;;;-330;; Battle of the Persian Gate, destruction of Persepolis (modern Iran);;;;-330;; Pytheas makes the earliest Greek voyage to Great Britain and the Arctic Circle for which there is a record.;Pytheas;;;-330;-325; Siege of Cyropolis;;;;-329;; Battle of Jaxartes;;;;-329;; Alexander conquers Samarkand, Uzbekistan;;;;-329;; Alexander the Great founds Alexandria Eschate in modern Tajikistan;;;;-329;; Dayuan Kingdom;Dayuan;;;-329;-160; Sybaris on the Traeis is annexed by Bruttian League;;;;-328;; Oenidae is impressed into the Aetolian League;;;;-327;; Under the command of Alexander the Great the forces of the Hellenic League captures the fortress of the Sogdian Rock. Sogdiana and the Kabul region came under Hellenic control;;;;-327;; Alexander invades northern India, but his army is despondent and refuses to march further eastwards.;;;;-327;; Battle of the Hydaspes;;;;-326;; Samos joins the Delian League;;;;-326;; Alexandria Bucephalous (located on the Hydaspes river, Pakistan) is founded by Alexander the Great in memory of his beloved horse Bucephalus;;;;-326;; Nearchus serving under Alexander the Great discovers Tylos (the name used by the Greeks to refer to Bahrain).;;;;-325;; Kroton is overthrown by Menedemus;;;;-324;; Charax Spasinu, one of Alexander's last cities before his death, is established at the head of the Persian Gulf (modern Iraq) replacing a small Persian settlement, Durine.;;;;-324;;