imported>Karen: Created page with "colors: #0d309e sources: Timeline of the Space Race events: First intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM)\; fully operational September 1957 (R-7 Semyorka);;;;08.21...."

2021-06-25T19:06:14Z

Created page with "colors: #0d309e sources: Timeline of the Space Race events: First intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM)\; fully operational September 1957 (R-7 Semyorka);;;;08.21...."

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Timeline of the Space Race
events:
First [[intercontinental ballistic missile]] (ICBM)\; fully operational September 1957 ([[R-7 Semyorka]]);;;;08.21.1957;;
First artificial [[satellite]]. First signals from space ([[Sputnik 1]]);;;;10.04.1957;;
First dog in [[orbit]] ([[Laika]]) ([[Sputnik 2]]);;;;11.03.1957;;
First US [[intercontinental ballistic missile]] (ICBM) ([[SM-65A Atlas]]);;;;12.17.1957;;
First US satellite, detection of [[Van Allen radiation belt]]s ([[Explorer 1]]-[[Army Ballistic Missile Agency|ABMA]]);;;;01.31.1958;;
First solar-powered satellite ([[Vanguard 1]]-[[U.S. Naval Research Laboratory|NRL]]);;;;03.17.1958;;
First [[communications satellite]] ([[Project SCORE]]-[[Army Ballistic Missile Agency|ABMA]]);;;;12.18.1958;;
First rocket engine restart in Earth orbit. First lunar spacecraft. First detection of [[solar wind]] ([[Luna 1]]);;;;01.02.1959;;
First human-made object in [[heliocentric orbit]] ([[Luna 1]]);;;;01.04.1959;;
First [[weather satellite]] ([[Vanguard 2]]-[[NASA]] ([[U.S. Naval Research Laboratory|NRL]]);;;;02.17.1959;;
First satellite in a [[polar orbit]] ([[Corona (satellite)|Discoverer 1]]-[[U.S. Air Force|USAF]]/[[DARPA|ARPA]]);;;;02.28.1959;;
First [[spy satellite]] to carry a camera (failed to achieve orbit) ([[Discoverer 4]]-[[U.S. Air Force|USAF]]/[[DARPA|ARPA]]);;;;06.25.1959;;
First photograph of Earth from orbit ([[Explorer 6]]-[[NASA]]);;;;08.07.1959;;
First impact into another celestial body ([[Moon]]) ([[Luna 2]]);;;;09.14.1959;;
First photos of [[far side of the Moon]] ([[Luna 3]]);;;;10.07.1959;;
First Imaging [[weather satellite]] ([[TIROS-1]]-[[NASA]]);;;;04.01.1960;;
First satellite recovered intact from orbit ([[Corona (satellite)|Discoverer 13]]-[[U.S. Air Force|USAF]]/[[DARPA|ARPA]]);;;;08.11.1960;;
First passive communications satellite ([[Echo satellite|Echo 1A]]-[[NASA]]);;;;08.12.1960;;
First successful recovery of film from an orbiting satellite. First aerial recovery of an object returning from Earth orbit ([[Discoverer 14]]-[[United States Air Force|USAF]]/[[DARPA|ARPA]]);;;;08.18.1960;;
First animals and plants returned alive from space ([[Belka and Strelka]]) ([[Sputnik 5]]);;;;08.19.1960;;
First primate [[Ham (chimpanzee)]] in Space ([[Mercury-Redstone 2]]);;;;01.31.1961;;
First launch from Earth orbit of [[upper stage]] into a [[heliocentric orbit]]. First mid-course corrections. First [[spin-stabilisation]] ([[Venera 1]]);;;;02.12.1961;;
First [[human spaceflight]] ([[Yuri Gagarin]]). First orbital flight of a manned vehicle ([[Vostok 1]]);;;;04.12.1961;;
First pilot-controlled space flight ([[Alan Shepard]]). First human space mission that landed with pilot still in spacecraft and thus the first complete human spaceflight by [[Fédération Aéronautique Internationale|FAI]] definitions ([[Freedom 7]]);;;;05.05.1961;;
First [[planetary flyby]] ([[Venus]]) ([[Venera 1]]);;;;05.19.1961;;
First crewed mission lasting a full day. ([[Vostok 2]], [[Gherman Titov]]);;;;08.06.1961;;
First American in orbit ([[John Glenn]]) ([[Friendship 7]]);;;;02.20.1962;;
First orbital solar observatory ([[Orbiting Solar Observatory|OSO-1]]-[[NASA]]);;;;03.07.1962;;
First spacecraft to impact the [[far side of the Moon]]. ([[Ranger 4]]-[[NASA]]);;;;04.26.1962;;
First artificial satellite in orbit made by a non-superpower (launched by US) ([[Ariel 1]]);;;;04.26.1962;;
First active [[communications satellite]] ([[Telstar]]-[[AT&\;T Corporation|AT&\;T]]);;;;07.10.1962;;
First dual crewed spaceflight. First spacecraft-to-spacecraft radio contact and First simultaneous flight of crewed spacecraft ([[Vostok 3]] / [[Vostok 4]], [[Andriyan Nikolayev]] and [[Pavel Popovich]]);;;;08.12.1962;;
First planetary flyby by a US mission ([[Venus]]) ([[Mariner 2]]-[[NASA]]);;;;12.14.1962;;
First woman in space ([[Valentina Tereshkova]]). First civilian in space ([[Vostok 6]]);;;;06.16.1963;;
Five-day human spaceflight record ([[Vostok 5]]);;;;06.19.1963;;
First reusable piloted spacecraft and the first [[spaceplane]] ([[X-15]], ''suborbital'') ([[X-15 Flight 90]]-[[NASA]]);;;;07.19.1963;;
First [[geosynchronous satellite]] ([[Syncom|Syncom 2]]-[[NASA]]);;;;07.26.1963;;
First [[Global Navigation Satellite System|satellite navigation system]] ([[Transit (satellite)|NAVSAT]]-[[United States Navy|USN]]);;;;12.05.1963;;
First [[geostationary orbit|geostationary satellite]] ([[Syncom|Syncom 3]]-[[NASA]]);;;;08.19.1964;;
First multi-person crew (3) ([[Voskhod 1]]);;;;10.12.1964;;
First [[extra-vehicular activity]] ("space walk") ([[Voskhod 2]]);;;;03.18.1965;;
First piloted spacecraft orbit change ([[Gemini 3]]-[[NASA]]);;;;03.23.1965;;
First space walk by an American ([[Gemini 4]]-[[NASA]]);;;;06.03.1965;;
First [[Mars]] flyby ([[Mariner 4]]-[[NASA]]);;;;07.14.1965;;
Eight-day human spaceflight record ([[Gemini 5]]-[[NASA]]);;;;08.29.1965;;
First artificial satellite launched by a non-superpower ([[Astérix_(satellite)|Astérix]]);;;;11.26.1965;;
First orbital [[Space rendezvous|rendezvous]] ([[orbital station-keeping|station-keeping]], no docking). ([[Gemini 6A]] / [[Gemini 7]]-[[NASA]]);;;;12.15.1965;;
14-day human spaceflight record ([[Gemini 7]]-[[NASA]]);;;;12.18.1965;;
First [[Soft landing (rocketry)|soft landing]] on another celestial body (Moon). First photos from another celestial body ([[Luna 9]]);;;;02.03.1966;;
First impact into another planet (Venus) ([[Venera 3]]);;;;03.01.1966;;
First spacecraft [[Space dock|docking]] ([[Gemini 8]] / [[Agena target vehicle|ATV]]-[[NASA]]);;;;03.16.1966;;
First artificial satellite to orbit another celestial body: the Moon ([[Luna 10]]);;;;04.03.1966;;
First direct-ascent rendezvous on first orbit. Record highest apogee, 1,374 kilometers (854 mi), for piloted Earth orbit ([[Gemini 11]]/[[Agena target vehicle|ATV]]-[[NASA]]);;;;09.12.1966;;
(November 12–14) First 5.5 hr [[extra-vehicular activity]]. First demonstration of practical work capability ([[Gemini 12]]-[[NASA]]);;;;11.12.1966;;
First cabin fire, during ground test\; death of entire crew ([[Apollo 1]]);;;;01.27.1967;;
First landing parachute failure\; pilot killed ([[Soyuz 1]]);;;;04.24.1967;;
First [[Space dock|docking]] of two remote-controlled spacecraft ([[Cosmos 186]]/ [[Cosmos 188]]);;;;10.30.1967;;
(September 14-21) First terrestrial life to leave Earth orbit, to travel to and circle the Moon, and the first Moon mission with lifeforms to return safely to Earth ([[Zond 5]] );;;;09.14.1968;;
First orbital [[ultraviolet]] observatory ([[Orbiting Astronomical Observatory|OAO-2]]-[[NASA]]);;;;12.07.1968;;
First human-crewed spaceflight to, and orbit of, another celestial object: the Moon. First human spaceflight to enter the gravitational influence of another celestial body ([[Apollo 8]]-[[NASA]]);;;;12.21.1968;;
First crew exchange in space. First docking of two manned spacecraft ([[Soyuz 4]] / [[Soyuz 5]]);;;;01.16.1969;;
First humans on the Moon. First space launch from another celestial body ([[Apollo 11]]-[[NASA]]);;;;07.20.1969;;
First precisely targeted piloted landing on the Moon ([[Surveyor 3]] site) ([[Apollo 12]]-[[NASA]]);;;;11.19.1969;;
First explosion on board a spacecraft, crew survived. (Jim Lovell, John Swigert, Fred Haise) ([[Apollo 13]]-[[NASA]]);;;;04.14.1970;;
First robotic [[sample return mission|automatic sample return]] from another celestial body: the Moon ([[Luna 16]]);;;;09.24.1970;;
First remote-controlled mobile vehicle on another celestial body: the Moon ([[Lunokhod 1]]);;;;11.23.1970;;
First X-ray [[Space observatory|orbital observatory]] ([[Uhuru (satellite)]]-[[NASA]]);;;;12.12.1970;;
First soft landing on another planet (Venus). First signals from another planet ([[Venera 7]]);;;;12.15.1970;;
First human-crewed [[space station]] launched ([[Salyut 1]]);;;;04.19.1971;;
First human-crewed [[Space observatory|orbital observatory]] ([[Orion 1 and Orion 2 Space Observatories|Orion 1]]). 23-day manned space record ([[Soyuz 11]] / Salyut 1);;;;06.29.1971;;
First deaths in space due to cabin depressurization ([[Soyuz 11]]);;;;06.29.1971;;
First mobile vehicle [[lunar rover]] driven by humans on the Moon ([[Apollo 15]]-[[NASA]]);;;;07.31.1971;;
First [[spacewalk]] in deep space ([[Apollo 15]] [[NASA]]);;;;08.05.1971;;
First spacecraft to orbit another planet: [[Mars]] ([[Mariner 9]]-[[NASA]]);;;;11.14.1971;;
First impact into Mars ([[Mars 2]]);;;;11.27.1971;;
First soft Mars landing. First signals from Mars surface ([[Mars 3]]);;;;12.02.1971;;
First human-made object sent on escape trajectory away from the Sun ([[Pioneer 10]]-[[NASA]]);;;;03.03.1972;;
First mission to enter the asteroid belt and leave inner Solar System ([[Pioneer 10]]-[[NASA]]);;;;07.15.1972;;
First commercially operated domestic satellite in [[geostationary orbit]] ([[Anik (satellite)|Anik A1]]-[[Telesat]]);;;;11.09.1972;;
First orbital [[gamma ray]] observatory ([[Second Small Astronomy Satellite|SAS-2]]-[[NASA]]);;;;11.15.1972;;
28-day human-crewed space record ([[Skylab 2]]-[[NASA]]);;;;05.25.1973;;
56-day human-crewed space record ([[Skylab 3]]-[[NASA]]);;;;07.28.1973;;
84-day human-crewed space record ([[Skylab 4]]-[[NASA]]);;;;11.16.1973;;
First Jupiter flyby ([[Pioneer 10]]-[[NASA]]);;;;12.03.1973;;
First planetary gravitational assist ([[Venus]] flyby) ([[Mariner 10]]-[[NASA]]);;;;02.05.1974;;
First [[Mercury (planet)|Mercury]] flyby ([[Mariner 10]]-[[NASA]]);;;;03.29.1974;;
N-1 failures cause USSR to cancel N-1 program ([[N-1 (rocket)|N-1]]/[[Soyuz 7K-L3]]);;;;05.1974;;
First multinational human-crewed mission ([[Soyuz 19]], [[Apollo–Soyuz Test Project]]);;;;07.15.1975;;
First approach and landing test flight of the [[Space Shuttle Orbiter]] ([[Approach and Landing Tests]]);;;;08.12.1977;;
First orbital test flight of the [[Space Shuttle]] ([[STS-1]]);;;;04.12.1981;;
First flight of [[Spacelab]] on Space Shuttle ([[STS-2]]);;;;11.12.1981;;
First piloted approach and landing test flight of the [[Buran programme|Buran]] shuttle ([[OK-GLI]]);;;;11.10.1985;;
[[Space Shuttle Challenger disaster|Loss of the Space Shuttle ''Challenger'']]\; death of entire crew on launch ([[STS-51-L]]);;;;01.28.1986;;
Start of orbital assembly of [[Mir]] space station: launch of first module ([[Mir Core Module]]);;;;02.19.1986;;
First automated approach and landing test flight of the Buran;;;;12.10.1986;;
First successful Soviet [[super heavy-lift launch vehicle]]\; first Soviet rocket to use [[liquid rocket propellant#Hydrogen|liquid hydrogen fuel]] ([[Energia]]-[[Polyus (spacecraft)|Polyus]]);;;;05.15.1987;;
Automated orbital flight of Buran with launch vehicle ([[Energia]]-[[Buran (spacecraft)|Buran]] );;;;11.15.1988;;
[[United Nations]] accepts replacement of USSR with the [[Russian Federation]]\; Energia and Buran programs canceled due to lack of funds;;;;12.31.1991;;
[[Category:History Timeline Page]]

HistoryTimelineLayer:Timeline of the Space Race - Revision history

imported>Karen: Created page with "colors: #0d309e sources: Timeline of the Space Race events: First intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM)\; fully operational September 1957 (R-7 Semyorka);;;;08.21...."