Difference between revisions of "HistoryTimelineLayer:French Revolution"

(January 1789) The Abbé [[Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès]] publishes his famous pamphlet, "What is the Third Estate?" he writes\; "What is the Third Estate? Everything. What has it been until now in the political order? Nothing. What does it demand to be? Something.";;;01.15.1789;long

[[Storming of the Bastille]]. A large armed crowd besieges the Bastille, which holds only seven prisoners but has a large supply of gunpowder, which the crowd wants. After several hours of resistance, the governor of the fortress [[Bernard-René de Launay|de Launay]], finally surrenders\; as he exits, he is killed by the crowd. The crowd also kills [[Jacques de Flesselles|de Flesselles]], the provost of the Paris merchants.;;;07.14.1789;long

The Assembly decrees that Protestants are eligible to hold public office\; Jews are still excluded.;;;12.24.1789;long

A series of pro-catholic and anti-revolutionary riots in the French provinces\; in Vannes (April 5), Nîmes (April 6), Toulouse (April 18), Toulon (May 3), and Avignon (June 10) protesting measures taken against the church.;;;04.05.1790;06.10.1790

The ''[[Fête de la Fédération]]'' is held on the ''Champ de Mars'' in Paris to celebrate the first anniversary of the Revolution. The event is attended by the king and queen, the National Assembly, the government, and a huge crowd. Lafayette takes a civic oath vowing to "be ever faithful to the nation, to the law, and to the king\; to support with our utmost power the constitution decreed by the National Assembly, and accepted by the king." This oath is taken by his troops, as well as the king. The ''Fête de la Fédération'' is the last event to unite all the different factions in Paris during the Revolution.;;;07.14.1790;long

The [[Haitian Revolution|slave uprising in Haiti]] causes severe shortages of sugar and coffee in Paris. Riots against food shortages\; many food shops are looted.January–March: Food riots in [[Paris]];;;01.23.1792;long

Additional moderate deputies are accused and excluded from the Assembly\; a total of 136 deputies are excluded.;;;10.03.1793;long

Robespierre lectures the Convention on the necessity for the Terror: "The foundations of a popular government in a revolution are virtue and terror\; terror without virtue is disastrous\; and virtue without terror is powerless. The Government of the Revolution is the despotism of liberty over tyranny.";;;02.05.1794;long

[[Alexandre de Beauharnais]] is tried and executed\; his widow [[Joséphine de Beauharnais]] became Napoleon's mistress, and his wife in 1796.;;;07.23.1794;long

At noon, Saint-Just began his speech in the convention, prepared to blame everything on Billaud, Collot d'Herbois and Carnot. After a few minutes, Tallien interrupted him and began the attack. When the accusations began to pile up the Convention voted the arrest of Robespierre, and of his younger brother [[Augustin Robespierre]], Saint-Just, Couthon and Lebas. [[François Hanriot]] warned the sections that there would be an attempt to murder Robespierre and mobilized 2,400 National Guards in front of the town hall. In the meantime the five were taken to a prison, but refused by the jailors. An administrator of the police took Robespierre the older around 8 p.m. to the [[Paris Police Prefecture|police administration]] on [[Île de la Cité]]\; Robespierre insisted being received in a prison. He hesitated for legal reasons for possibly two hours. At around 10 p.m. the mayor appointed a delegation to go and convince Robespierre to join the Commune movement. Then the Convention declared the five deputies (plus the supporting members) to be outlaws. They expected crowds of supporters to join them during the night, but most left losing time in fruitless deliberation, without supplies or instructions.;;;07.27.1794;long

New uprising of Jacobins and ''sans-culottes'' in Paris\; they occupy the ''Hôtel de Ville''.;;;05.21.1795;long

The first [[French Directory|Directory]] is elected by the legislature\; its members are [[Louis Marie de La Révellière-Lépeaux]], [[Jean-François Rewbell]], [[Étienne-François Letourneur]], [[Paul Barras]] and [[Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès]], who declines to serve and is replaced by [[Lazare Carnot]].;;;10.31.1795;long

Preliminary [[Treaty of Leoben]]\; Austria gives up its claim to the [[Austrian Netherlands]] ("Belgian Provinces")\; a secret agreement divides the territories of Venice between Austria and France.;;;04.18.1797;long

Pope Pius VI apologizes to France for the Rome riots\; apologies are rejected by the Directory.;;;12.29.1797;long

Anti-British uprising begins in Ireland\; the Irish rebels believe that Bonaparte is sailing to Ireland.;;;05.23.1798;long

French fleet and expeditionary force defeated off coast of Ireland\; six of eight warships captured.;;;10.11.1798;long

Bonaparte meets with Sieyès\; the two men dislike each other, but agree to a parliamentary coup d'état to replace the Directory.;;;11.01.1799;long