HistoryTimelineLayer:Biography of Alexander the Great
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sources: Alexander the Great events: Life of Alexander the Great;Alexander the Great;;;07.20.-356;06.10.-323; Alexander was born in Pella, the capital of the Kingdom of Macedon, on the sixth day of the ancient Greek month of Hekatombaion, which probably corresponds to 20 July 356 BC (although the exact date is uncertain). He was the son of the king of Macedon, Philip II, and his fourth wife, Olympias, daughter of Neoptolemus I, king of Epirus.;;;;07.20.-356;; When Alexander was ten years old, Philip bought him a horse. Alexander named it Bucephalas, meaning "ox-head". Bucephalas carried Alexander as far as India. When the animal died (because of old age, according to Plutarch, at age thirty), Alexander named a city after him, Bucephala.;;;;-346;; When Alexander was 13, Philip began to search for a tutor, and considered such academics as Isocrates and Speusippus, the latter offering to resign from his stewardship of the Academy to take up the post. In the end, Philip chose Aristotle and provided the Temple of the Nymphs at Mieza as a classroom.;;;;-343;; At the age of 16, Alexander's education under Aristotle ended. Philip II had waged war against the Thracians to the north, which left Alexander in charge as regent and heir apparent.;;;;-340;; Rise of Macedon:\n Battle of Chaeronea;;;;08.02.-338;; Alexander fled Macedon with his mother, dropping her off with her brother, King Alexander I of Epirus in Dodona, capital of the Molossians. He continued to Illyria, where he sought refuge with one or more Illyrian kings, perhaps with Glaukias, and was treated as a guest, despite having defeated them in battle a few years before. However, it appears Philip never intended to disown his politically and militarily trained son. Accordingly, Alexander returned to Macedon after six months due to the efforts of a family friend, Demaratus, who mediated between the two parties.;;;;-337;; In summer 336 BC, while at Aegae attending the wedding of his daughter Cleopatra to Olympias's brother, Alexander I of Epirus, Philip was assassinated by the captain of his bodyguards, Pausanias. As Pausanias tried to escape, he tripped over a vine and was killed by his pursuers, including two of Alexander's companions, Perdiccas and Leonnatus. Alexander was proclaimed king on the spot by the nobles and army at the age of 20.;;;;-336;; Balkan Campaign:\n Battle of Mount Haemus;;;;-335;; Balkan Campaign:\n Siege of Pelium;;;;12.-335;; Balkan Campaign:\n Battle of Thebes;;;;12.-335;; Persian Campaign:\n Battle of the Granicus;;;;05.-334;; Persian Campaign:\n Siege of Miletus;;;;-334;; Persian Campaign:\n Siege of Halicarnassus;;;;-334;; Persian Campaign:\n Battle of Issus;;;;11.05.-333;; (January–July 332 BC) Persian Campaign:\n Siege of Tyre;;;;01.-332;; Persian Campaign:\n Siege of Gaza;;;;10.-332;; Persian Campaign:\n Battle of Gaugamela;;;;10.01.-331;; Persian Campaign:\n Battle of the Uxian Defile;;;;12.-331;; Persian Campaign:\n Battle of the Persian Gate;;;;01.20.-330;; Persian Campaign:\n Siege of Cyropolis;;;;-329;; Persian Campaign:\n Battle of Jaxartes;;;;10.-329;; Persian Campaign:\n Siege of the Sogdian Rock;;;;-327;; (May 327 – March 326 BC) Indian Campaign:\n Cophen Campaign;;;;05.-327;; Indian Campaign:\n Siege of Aornos;;;;04.-326;; Indian Campaign:\n Battle of the Hydaspes;;;;05.-326;; (November 326 – February 325 BC) Indian Campaign:\n Siege of Multan;;;;11.-326;; On either 10 or 11 June 323 BC, Alexander died in the palace of Nebuchadnezzar II, in Babylon, at age 32.;;;;06.10.-323;;